# Richard Fleming Notes

## Antibiotic Bacterial Resistance
- Strains which survive antibiotic use are resistant
- We are doing similarly with vaccination

## The Spike
- Code being produced is for SARS-CoV Wuhan HU1
- Nucleotide sequences don't perfectly match HU1

## Immune Layers
- Innate
- Macrophage eats virus and presents
- Naive T cells react to become T-helper 1 and T-helper 2
- TH-1 cytotoxic which kill infected cell
- TH-2 effector which induces creation/updating of B cell

## Skipping Step
The mRNA vaccines don't seem to induce differentiation of T-helper 2 cells.
- Possibly because the virus is not seen outside of cells.
- Nanolipid particle technique bypasses this
- Blunted interferon response

## EUA Documents
- Don't show the cell differentiation statistics
- Only show recording of symptoms / illness

## Diminishing natural immunity
- Taking the mRNA shots causes reduced response to other non-CoV pathogens

## Biodistribution
- Moderna 2017 did nanolipid influenza study and discovered that it spread to brain and bone marrow etc.
- Lipid nanoparticles great way to get into cells - merge with cell wall

## Immune research
- Research on immunity has always favoured Ab response. T cell assays are complicated, require more training, more expensive reagents/equipment, etc.
- hampered immune response might mean require higher Ab counts

## Spike load
- Person to person transmission means exposure to 100s - 10000 spikes
- Pfizer/Moderna 13.1 billion codes?
- AZ/Jannsen 50 billion